00982.xml FRANK B. KELLOGG: An Inventory of His Papers at the Minnesota Historical Society National Historical Publications and Records Commission. Minnesota Historical Society

St. Paul, MN.

Manuscripts Collection

Finding aid encoded by Meagan Kellom, September, 2011. Finding aid written in English OVERVIEW Minnesota Historical Society Kellogg, Frank B. (Billings), 1836-1937. Frank B. Kellogg papers. 1880-1942 [bulk 1890-1937]. Materials in English. Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, State Department duplicates, news clippings scrapbooks, awards, floor plans, honorary degrees, maps, memorials and memoranda of Frank B. Kellogg, Senator from Minnesota, Ambassador to Great Britain, Secretary of State and Nobel Peace Prize recipient. 24.0 cubic feet (24 boxes) and 54 microfilm reels. See Detailed Description for shelf locations. BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

Frank Billings Kellogg was born in Potsdam, St. Lawrence County, New York on December 22, 1856. He moved with his parents to Minnesota in 1865 and studied law in Rochester, Minnesota, where he was admitted to the bar in 1877, becoming the city attorney of Rochester from 1878-1881 and county attorney for Olmsted county 1882-1887. In 1887 he moved to St. Paul, Minnesota and became a member of the Republican National Committee 1904-1912, and president of the American Bar Association in 1912 and 1913.

Kellogg was elected to the United States Senate in March of 1917 and served until March of 1923. After being appointed in 1922 by Warren G. Harding to be the United States delegate to the Fifth International Conference of American States, held in Santiago, Chile, Kellogg was then appointed United States ambassador to Great Britain by President Coolidge, a position he served until 1925. From 1925-1929 Kellogg was Secretary of State in the Cabinet of President Coolidge, coauthoring the Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact signed in 1928. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1929 and served as an associate judge of the Permanent Court for International Justice from 1930-1935. Kellogg died in St. Paul, Minnesota on December 21, 1937.

SCOPE AND CONTENTS

Correspondence, memoranda, speeches, background materials, clippings, memorabilia, and other papers of this U.S. senator from Minnesota (1917-1923), ambassador to Great Britain (1923-1925), secretary of state (1925-1929), and judge on the Permanent Court of International Justice (World Court) (1930-1935).

Besides reflecting the issues and activities associated with these positions, the papers also provide considerable information about state and national Republican party politics, and about U.S. politics in general. Lesser amounts of material document his organizational memberships and activities, business affairs, career as St. Paul (Minn.) lawyer, and family matters. None of his official dispatches as ambassador or secretary of state are present.

Kellogg saved only part of his Senatorial files. They document, among other topics, the Colombian (Panama) and Versailles treaties; post-World War I governments and economic conditions in Europe, including the League of Nations; revision of judicial procedure; railroads; the development and regulation of domestic and international communications systems; protection of aliens residing in the U.S.; and the agricultural depression of the early 1920s.

Papers from Kellogg’s service as ambassador provide information on the European military, diplomatic, social, and economic scene; revision of the schedule of World War I reparations payments by Germany; and the official and social life of an ambassador.

Much of the papers focus on Kellogg’s years as secretary of state (1925-1929). They are particularly valuable for informal or unofficial discussions about international relations and the development and execution of American foreign policy. There is information on State Department administration; departmental and diplomatic appointments and personnel; the Tacna-Arica boundary dispute between Chile and Peru; the Chaco boundary dispute between Bolivia and Paraguay; civil war in Nicaragua; Pan-American relations in general; American policies toward China; relations with Canada and Mexico, particularly the latter’s determination to reduce foreign ownership of land and resources; recognition of Russia; and world peace, world organization, and arms control, especially the 1927 Geneva disarmament conference, the World Court, and the Pact of Paris. Papers from his subsequent service on the World Court continue many of these themes.

Chronology

Information from The Frank B. Kellogg Papers. Edited by Deborah Kahn Neubeck. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society, 1977-1978. Microfilm: 54 reels and guide.

1856 Born December 22 in Potsdam, St. Lawrence County, New York, the eldest of three children of Asa Farnsworth Kellogg and Abigail Billings Kellogg. Asa Kellogg also had a son by a first marriage. 1857 Family moved to Long Lake, Hamilton County, New York. 1865 Family moved to a small farm near Viola, Olmsted County, Minnesota. 1870 Assumed primary responsibility for working the family farm because of his father's poor health. Could no longer attend school; received no additional formal education. 1872 Family moved to a larger farm in Olmsted County near Elgin, Wabasha County, Minnesota. 1875 Left the family farm. Moved to Rochester, Olmsted County, Minnesota, to read law in the office of Halftan A. Eckholdt, in exchange for doing chores and errands. Supported himself by working on nearby farms, either for room and board or for a small salary. 1877 Admitted to the Minnesota bar. Began to practice law in Rochester. 1878 Formed law partnership with Burt W. Eaton, also a self-taught lawyer. Appointed Rochester city attorney by the city council. A Republican, served until 1881, when defeated for re-election by his Democratic opponent. 1881 Elected Olmsted County attorney on the Republican ticket. Served until 1887. 1884 In first important legal case, agreed to represent two Wabasha County townships, Plainview and Elgin, in a lawsuit against the Winona and St. Peter Railroad Company. Prior to accepting the case and during the course of the litigation sought the advice of his cousin, Cushman K. Davis, former governor of Minnesota and prominent St. Paul attorney. 1886 Married Clara M. Cook of Rochester on June 16. They had no children. Unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for Minnesota attorney general. Accepted invitation to join the St. Paul law firm of Davis, newly elected U.S. senator from Minnesota, and Cordenio A. Severance. 1887 Law firm of Davis, Kellogg, and Severance established with Kellogg as acting head. During the next thirty years the firm became one of the most prominent and successful corporate law firms in the Upper Midwest, representing many powerful companies and individuals. Formed lasting relationships with some of the country's most influential businessmen and politicians. 1901 Became senior partner in the law firm after the death of Davis in 1900. 1904 Minnesota delegate to the Republican National Convention. Elected Republican national committeeman from Minnesota. Served 1904-1912, [post-1916?]-1920. U.S. delegate to the Universal Congress of Lawyers and Jurists, held in St. Louis, Missouri. 1905 Appointed special assistant attorney general to prosecute the federal government's case against the General Paper Company of Wisconsin and Minnesota (the so-called Western Paper Trust) for alleged violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Served until 1906, when the company was declared illegal and dissolved as a combination in restraint of trade. Received widespread attention in the press as a trust-buster. 1906 With Severance, appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt as special counsel to the Interstate Commerce Commission for its investigation of Edward H. Harriman's financial manipulations and railroad consolidations, particularly of the Union Pacific, Southern Pacific, and subsidiary railroads. Served until 1908. Appointed special assistant attorney general to lead the federal government's prosecution of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey under the Sherman Antitrust Act. Served until 1911. 1908 With Severance, appointed special assistant attorney general to prosecute the federal government's suit against the Union Pacific Railroad under the Sherman Antitrust Act. Served until 1912. Minnesota delegate to the Republican National Convention. 1911 U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of the government in the Standard Oil case. The so-called Standard Oil Trust ordered dissolved; Kellogg hailed as the nation's number one trust-buster. 1912 U.S. Supreme Court decided the Union Pacific case in favor of the government. Elected president of the American Bar Association for 1912-1913. Minnesota delegate to the Republican National Convention. Walked out of the convention with the rest of the Minnesota delegation in support of Theodore Roosevelt. Did not join the Progressive party; instead, worked to restore unity in the Republican party. 1916 After initially declining to become a candidate, elected to the U.S. Senate on the Republican ticket, the first senator from Minnesota to be elected by popular vote. Served 1917-1923 (65th-67th Congresses). Campaigned on a platform of war preparedness, economy in government, prosecution of the trusts, and tariff reduction. As senator, primarily concerned with issues relating to his committee assignments (Judiciary, Interstate Commerce, National Banks, Public Lands, Joint Committee for Revision of the Federal Statutes, Foreign Relations) and with agriculture. 1920 Minnesota delegate to the Republican Convention. 1922 Defeated for re-election to the Senate by Henrik Shipstead, Minnesota Farmer-Labor party candidate. 1923 U.S. delegate to the Fifth International Conference of American States, held in Santiago, Chile (appointed in 1922 by President Warren G. Harding.) Briefly rejoined law firm in St. Paul. Appointed U.S. ambassador to Great Britain by President Coolidge. Served until 1925. 1924 While ambassador, served as one of two American delegates to the London Reparation Conference, which negotiated the Dawes Plan to revise the schedule of World War I reparations payments by Germany to the Allies. 1925 While ambassador, represented the United States at the Conference of Finance Ministers, held in Paris, which agreed on the distribution of reparations payments by Germany to the Allies. Assumed the office of secretary of state in Coolidge's cabinet. Served until 1929. Primarily concerned with Latin American problems, including U.S. relations with Mexico and Nicaragua and the Tacna-Arica boundary dispute between Chile and Peru; revision of American policies toward China, particularly with respect to tariffs and extraterritoriality privileges; American relations with Canada and the St. Lawrence waterway project; settlement of World War I debts; disarmament; negotiation of international arbitration and conciliation agreements; U.S. participation in the World Court; and negotiation of the Pact of Paris. 1928 Signed the Pact of Paris August 27. 1929 Rejoined law firm in St. Paul. 1930 Elected to a nine-year term as judge of the World Court. Served until 1935, resigning because of ill health. Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 1929 for his work in negotiating the Pact of Paris. 1937 Died in St. Paul December 21. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION Access Restrictions:

Microfilmed originals (23.0 cubic feet) are closed to general use.

Preferred Citation:

[Indicate the cited item and/or series here]. Kellogg, Frank B. Frank B. Kellogg Papers. Minnesota Historical Society.

See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples.

Microfilm Production:

Saint Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society, 1977.

Microfilm available for sale or interlibrary loan from the Minnesota Historical Society. Inquiries regarding purchases by non-Minnesota residents and institutions should be directed to LexisNexis.

Accession Information:

Accession number: 4629; 4656; 4886; 5474; 5568; 5782; 6312; 6743; 7317; 7469; 11,191; 16,481

Processing Information:

Processing and cataloging of this collection was supported with a Basic Project grant awarded by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC).

Catalog ID number: 001732482

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Microfilm

The microfilmed portion of these papers are described in greater detail in a guide and appendices, also filed in the repository as M332.

Correspondence and miscellaneous papers M332 1 Undated, 1890-April 1912. M332 2 May 1912-1915. M332 3 January-May 15, 1916. M332 4 May 16-September 15, 1916. M332 5 September 16-November 20, 1916. M332 6 November 21, 1916-1917. M332 7 1918-May 15, 1921. M332 8 May 16, 1921-March 1922. M332 9 April-July, 1922. M332 10 August 1922-November 1923. M332 11 December 1923-June 10, 1924. M332 12 June 11-July 16, 1924. London Reparation Conference Documents, July-August 1924. M332 13 London Reparation Conference Documents, July-August, 1924. July 17, 1924-August 25, 1924. M332 14 August 26, 1924-January 5, 1925. M332 15 January 6-March 5, 1925. M332 16 March 6-September 10, 1925. M332 17 September 11, 1925-January 10, 1926. M332 18 January 11-February, 1926. M332 19 March-April 25, 1926. M332 20 April 26-June, 1926. M332 21 July-September 15, 1926. M332 22 September 16-November 10, 1926. M332 23 November 11-December, 1926. M332 24 January-February 25, 1927. M332 25 February 26-May 10, 1927. M332 26 May 11-July 5, 1927. M332 27 July 6-August 20, 1927. M332 28 August 21-October, 1927. M332 29 November-December 20, 1927. M332 30 December 21, 1927-February 20, 1928. M332 31 February 21-April 25, 1928. M332 32 April 26-June 20, 1928. M332 33 June 21-August 10, 1928. M332 34 August 11-September 25, 1928. M332 35 September 26-November 15, 1928. M332 36 November 16, 1928-January 10, 1928. M332 37 January 11-February, 1929. M332 38 March-December 10, 1929. M332 39 December 11, 1929-March 1930. M332 40 April-August, 1930. M332 41 September-December 15, 1930. M332 42 December 16, 1930-March 1931. M332 43 April-October 5, 1931. M332 44 October 6-December, 1931. M332 45 January-June 15, 1932. M332 46 June 16-November 20, 1932. M332 47 November 21, 1932-June 1933. M332 48 July 1933-May 15, 1934. M332 49 May 16, 1934-April 1935. M332 50 May 1935-1936. M332 51 1937–1942. Volumes M332 52 Volumes 1-8: News clippings scrapbooks, 1907, 1924-December 2, 1926. M332 53 Volumes 9-14: News clippings scrapbooks, December 2, 1926-August 27, 1928. M332 54 Volumes 19-26: News clippings scrapbooks, August 27, 1928-1929, 1937-1938. [Visitors' book?], 1924. Testimonials, 1929. Memorials, 1937-1938. Closed originals

These materials have been microfilmed.

Access restricted. Microfilmed and closed to general use. Researchers are directed to use the microfilm.

146.E.18.8F 1 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, undated, 1890-May 1916. 146.E.18.9B 2 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, June 1916-1917. 146.E.18.10F 3 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, 1918-May 1922. 146.E.19.1B 4 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, June 1922-July 16, 1924. 146.E.19.2F 5 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, London Reparation Conference Documents, July 17-September 1924. 146.E.19.3B 6 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, October 1924-August 1925. 146.E.19.4F 7 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, September 1925-March 25, 1926. 146.E.19.5B 8 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, March 26-September 1926. 146.E.19.6F 9 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, October 1926-February 10, 1927. 146.E.19.7B 10 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, February 11-July 25, 1927. 146.E.19.8F 11 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, July 26-December 20, 1927. 146.E.19.9B 12 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, December 21, 1927-June 5, 1928. 146.E.19.10F 13 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, June 6-October 5, 1928. 129.D.19.1B 14 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, October 6, 1928-February 15, 1929. 129.D.19.2F 15 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, February 16, 1929-April 15, 1930. 129.D.19.3B 16 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, April 16, 1930-February 20, 1931. 129.D.19.4F 17 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, February 21, 1931-January 10, 1932. 129.D.19.5B 18 Correspondence and. miscellaneous papers, January 11, 1932-April 1933. 129.D.19.6F 19 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, May 1933-April 1935. 129.D.19.7B 20 Correspondence and miscellaneous papers, Volumes 22-26, May 1935-1942. 129.D.19.8F 21 Duplicates, 1906-1940. State Department duplicates, March 1925-May 1926. 129.D.19.9B 22 State Department duplicates, June 1926-January 1928. 129.D.19.10F 23 State Department duplicates, February 1928-April 1929. Papers not filmed 129.D.19.10F 23 Floor plan, 1916.

For the chauffeur’s house at Cedarhurst, the country estate of Kellogg's law partner, Cordenio A. Severance

Memoranda and chapter drafts. Bryn-Jones, David.

Bryn-Jones was Kellogg's biographer.

Newspaper articles about the Duke and Duchess of Windsor by Adela Rogers St. John, 1940. Frank B. Kellogg to Joseph C. Grew (1880-1965), Ambassador to Japan. 2 signed typed letters.

Both letters refer to the presidential election of 1932 and personal matters.

Guest books. 2 items.

Apparently they did not belong to Kellogg.

Oversize Items 1908-1937 142.D.5.7 24 Floor plans, Republican National Convention, 1908-1912. Maps, Messina (Transvaal) Development Co., Ltd., March 21, 1908. 6 items. Honorary degree: McGill University, September 1, 1913. Map, the Mackay Companies System, July 20, 1920.

Filed April 26, 1921.

Appointment: U.S. delegate to the Fifth International Conference of American States, February 8, 1923. Award: Superior Jury of the Brazilian International Centennial Exposition,

Enclosure to November 28, 1923.

Appointment: U.S. ambassador to Great Britain, December 11, 1923. Appointment: Secretary of state, February 16, 1925. Honorary degree: University of Pennsylvania, February 22, 1926. Birthday greeting, December 22, 1926. Honorary degree: New York University, June 8, 1927. General Pact for the Renunciation of War, August 27, 1928. Honorary degrees: Carlton College, October 18, 1928. Georgetown University, February 18, 1929. St. Lawrence University, June 11, 1929. Trinity College, June 17, 1929. Harvard College, June 20, 1929. Ordre National de la Legion d'Honneur, August 19, 1929. Honorary degree: Oxford University, November 26, 1929. Honorary membership: Liberty Memorial Association, Kansas City, Missouri, April 22, 1930. Honorary degree: Brown University, June 16, 1930. Nobel Peace Prize, December 10, 1930. Honorary degrees: Occidental College, February 26, 1931. University of Minnesota, June 8, 1931. Princeton University, June 16, 1931. Map, Ranger, Texas, 1928.

Filed November 20, 1931.

Honorary degree: Rollins College, February 26, 1934. Order of the Jade, October 10, 1936. Memorial, December 23, 1937.