Manuscripts Collection
Dietrich Lange was born on June 2, 1863 at Bonstorf, Germany, the son of Johann Peter and Maria Dorothea Katharina Ahrns Lange. In September 1881 the family emigrated to the United States, settling in Nicollet Township, Nicollet County, Minnesota.
Lange had received a primary and secondary education in Germany and immediately began teaching in Nicollet's German Lutheran parochial school (1881-1883). He attended Mankato Normal School (1883-1886) and eventually received his bachelor of arts degree from the University of Minnesota in 1909.
Lange moved to St. Paul in 1887, where he taught in the city's elementary schools (1887-1889) and then at St. Paul Central High School (1889-1906). From 1897 through 1906 he also served as supervisor of nature studies for the city's entire public school system. In 1906 he became principal of St. Paul's Humboldt High School, a position he held until he was named St. Paul superintendent of public schools in 1914. He left that position in 1916 to become principal of St. Paul's George Weitbrecht Mechanic Arts High School. He remained there until he was named director of nature study for the St. Paul public school system in 1939.
Lange was a nationally known author and lecturer on the outdoors, nature, and the need for conservation. He published not only numerous magazine and newspaper articles about these topics, but also a number of books, his best known being a series of popular boys' stories concerning Indians, nature, and pioneer life. He was one of the leading authorities on bird life in the Great Lakes region.
He was also a pioneer in the Boy Scout movement; led political fights in Minnesota to prohibit the sale of wild ducks, abolish spring hunting, and enable the state to acquire cut-over forest land for reforestation; and was a member and/or officer of the League of American Sportsmen, Izaak Walton League of America, Minnesota Professional Men's Club, Minnesota Historical Society, Audubon Society, and Wilson Ornithological Club.
Lange married Hulda Wilhelmina Freitag on September 13, 1888. The couple had three children, Lorna Frances, Edna Louise, and Otto Frederick.
Lange died on November 18, 1940 of heart disease.
Biographical data was taken from the collection and from
Lange's papers focus mainly on his summer excursions into the wilderness to study nature and the writings that resulted from those excursions, particularly his observations on wildlife and its conservation and his boys' outdoor stories relating to Indian life and Minnesota animals and plants. The majority of the papers consist of notes and correspondence, mainly with family members, written during those summer absences, and the original manuscripts of many of his books and articles. Also contained in the papers are personal and business correspondence, copies of his speeches, talks, and articles on education and forestry, clippings of articles about or by Lange, and his notes on his work as an educator.
The materials are arranged chronologically within each of several series of correspondence, manuscripts, notes, and miscellany, unless otherwise noted in the following Detailed Description of the Collection.
These documents are organized into the following sections:
Accession number: 2033; 2124; 2260; 2347; 2518; 4689; 5688; 6732
Processed by: Cheryl N. Thies, April 1984
Catalog ID number: 09-00027648
This section contains a large group of letters (1912-1924) from
Lange to his family, particularly his wife Hulda and son Otto. He comments on
his photographic study of beavers in Itasca State Park (1912); a vacation at
Spring Lake, Dakota County, Minnesota (1919); his duties as Mechanic Arts High
School principal, aggravations encountered during his writing, local hikes, and
Minnesota politics (1922); and his testimony as an expert conservation witness
for the Northern Pacific Railway Company, and a series of articles sold to
Also included are an undated flyer listing Lange's "Lectures on
Nature Topics"; his publishing agreements with the School Education Company,
Minneapolis, for
Lange's original nature notes, general comments, and letters written during his summer excursions into the wilderness. Also entries and letters written from his St. Paul home and while on family vacations. The letters are written mainly to his family, particularly his wife Hulda and son Otto.
Typed transcripts of Volumes 8-11 and 13 were described in the Unbound Notes and Correspondence series that follows.
Due to their deteriorating condition, Volumes 25-27, 30-31, and 33-35 were removed from their covers and placed in folders in March 1984.
Lange kept very detailed descriptive notes of the wildlife and plant life he encountered on his excursions and in his daily life. The following annotations are not comprehensive, and highlight only the unique situations or species.
Contains almost daily entries of the Lange family's vacation (July 16-Aug. 9) at "White Clover Camp" near Fergus Falls, with comments on birds and animals seen, fishing and swimming in the Otter Tail River, the effects on aquatic life of a rapid fall in the river's water level, and attendance at the Ringling Brothers Circus; lists of birds sighted and vacation expenses; and scattered notes on Lange's experiences near his St. Paul home (Aug. 9-Oct. 19), including visits to Fort Snelling and Battle Creek, the first killing frost, and a mushrooming expedition.
The beginning of the volume contains a number of nature notes written in German, undated and Sept. 10-13, 1895. The rest of the volume contains scattered daily notes for 1901-1902, including descriptions of the family's pet crow, Jimmie (Nov. 1901, Jan. 1902); travel in Wisconsin (Jan. 1902); trips to Fort Snelling, Minnehaha Falls, and St. Anthony Park (Feb.-May 1902), and a train trip to Mankato with a description of a dust storm (April 1902); a copy of the manuscript "Squirrel, A Discovery" (Jan. 1902); Lange's comments on the return of a manuscript and his determination to keep writing (June 1902); and undated memoranda on land near Devil's Lake, North Dakota, and Lange's thoughts on marriage.
Contains both notes for manuscripts and scattered daily entries. Includes research notes concerning the relationship of Abraham Lincoln and Anne Rutledge (Aug.); nature notes from Petersburg, Illinois (Aug. 22), Fort Snelling (Aug. 24), and St. Paul (Sept.-Oct.); and numerous education-related notes. Approximately halfway through the volume the reader must flip the volume and begin reading from the back forward. This section contains notes on various educational meetings (Sept.-Nov.), Lange's ornithological society work, and the Humboldt High School's Halloween hike to Fort Snelling.
Mainly diary style entries detailing Christmas in Nicollet (Dec. 1909-Jan. 1910) and Lange's train trip to Tacoma, Washington, with comments on the landscape and towns en route (March 18-23, 1910).
Consists mainly of notes from St. Paul with comments on the family dog, Donnie (Jan. 1908), journeys to River Falls and Ellsworth, Wisconsin to judge declamatory contests (April-May 1910), a Humboldt High School hike (May 1910), excursions to Minnetonka and Wayzata (June 14, 1910) and Mankato and New Ulm (June 28-29, 1910), and nature photography in general. The rear of the volume contains a number of undated educational notes.
Contains entries detailing a journey to northern Wisconsin (June 20-24) with comments on photography and the area's plant life and wildlife; a list of birds at Gull Lake (June 20-27); and Lange's summer stay at Itasca (July 23-Aug. 20). The latter includes general comments on Lange's and Otto's journey to Itasca, birds observed during July, their many hikes in the park, and Lange's agnostic religious views (Aug. 10). The entries for July 24-August 19 contain Lange's very detailed observations of his attempts to photograph, possibly for the first time ever, the beavers of Itasca in their natural habitat, with details of the blinds he used, drawings and maps of his observation points on the various lakes, his destruction of a beaver dam and observation of the rebuilding, a drawing of the interior of a beaver house, and a census of the park's beavers. The back of the volume contains lists of items needed for camping, lecture topics on nature, topics for a juvenile out-of-doors book, and expenses at Itasca.
Contains miscellaneous notes and comments that mesh with the more daily entries found in Volume 6. Listed as they occur in the volume, the entries include nature notes from Spring Brook, Wisconsin (June 24, 1912) and DeSoto Lake, Itasca (July 1912), the latter also containing beaver notes; Lange's proposals for a fable entitled "The Man Who Would Know the Future" (Jan. 1917); notes on the equality of men and women (undated) and the connection between organization and greatness (Nov. 1916); magazine and book bibliographies and notes on beavers; undated notes for a possible book, with lists of titles, theme, characters, background and atmosphere, and ideas; undated notes on the history, geology, and biology of Isle Royale and on the League of Nations; a plan and incidents for a juvenile book based on the captivity of John Tanner (see Short Manuscripts: Indians); an undated list of nature articles with titles and place of proposed publication; and an outline of an article begun July 28, 1912, entitled "In the Birthland of a Great River." There are many blank pages.
See Unbound Notes and Correspondence section for description. Also included are notes on Lange's ideas for a Black Hills story, what to take on a trip to the Badlands, and what to purchase in Rapid City.
See Unbound Notes and Correspondence section for description. Also included are notes on the Santa Fe Trail, a record of a junco's nest in front of the North Lake cabin (June 27-July 20), and a list of flowers, birds, and bird songs observed at North Lake.
See Unbound Notes and Correspondence section for description.
Includes entries detailing springtime nature in St. Paul (April); a fishing trip to Spring Lake (May); a journey by train to LaCrosse and boat to Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin (June 18); a family vacation at Niagara, New York (July 13-Aug. 11) with comments on Fort Niagara and Lange's research notes on the area, the French and Indian War, the 1809 journals of Alexander Henry, and Indian names and words; an undated list of the characters in his works of juvenile fiction; and St. Paul mushrooming notes (Nov.).
See Unbound Notes and Correspondence section for description.
Appears to be letters written to Otto during the same period covered by the notes in Volume 13. In the order in which they appear in the volume they discuss work on his books and speeches he gave in St. Paul (Nov. 10); a short vacation at Spring Lake (March 25); his research on the history of Florida (April 14); and congratulations on Otto's position in the law department at West Point, his thoughts on writing for adults, and his impending trip to Connecticut (May 6). The beginning of the volume also includes a number of notes in Spanish.
Mainly correspondence with Otto, detailing Lange's work with the Boy Scouts, events at the high school, and questions about his upcoming trip to West Point (March), his writing and rental of a house in St. Paul (April), and canoeing and fishing at Spring Lake (April 9-10). Also contains notes on 1921 Christmas Day activities.
Includes notes and/or letters on a visit to Otto at West Point and vicinity and to Washington, D.C. (Aug. 1921), bluejays in Lange's St. Paul yard (Sept. 1921), hiking, Mechanic Arts' football (Oct.-Nov. 1921), trips to Spring Lake, his publishing contract with Lothrop, Lee and Shepard, attendance at the Minnesota Education Association's board meeting, his two-week abstinence from smoking (Sept. 25, 1921), and notes about Lake George and Lake Champlain.
Contains notes and letters detailing the Langes' journey to his summer teaching position at Fairhope Summer School in Greenwich. They mention the landscape along the Canadian Pacific Railroad; a visit to a mining town (June 17); his impressions of Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec, and Mattawa, Ontario; their steamer trip on the lower St. Lawrence (June 26); and his work at the school.
Consists mainly of letters (July 18-Aug. 19), interspersed
with a small number of handwritten manuscripts. The letters include comments on
his mailing of articles to the
Contains notes detailing Lange's hiking and camping at Greenwich (Aug. 3-9, 1922) and his nature photography at Spring Lake and St. Paul, and letters to Otto discussing school, a wagon trip to Nicollet, and duck hunting at Swan Lake (Sept. 25, 1922), several trips to Spring Lake with comments on skating, hiking, ice fishing, and writing, and his work as chairman of the St. Paul Association's legislative subcommittee on forest, fish, and game (March 10, 1923).
Consists mainly of letters to Hulda, from Connecticut (July 7-8) detailing summer school, visits to his publishers, and their many Connecticut friends, and from Cincinnati (Aug. 25) concerning his writing, the syndication of his articles, and his travels in Virginia; to several St. Paul friends (Aug. 19-20) describing his travels; and to Otto (Sept., Nov.) detailing the beginning of school in St. Paul, his work on an article about the League of Nations, his visits to Cleveland's school facilities, and a recent hike. Also contains scattered notes including a visit to Big Marine Lake (May 25), teaching in Connecticut (July 14-Aug. 18), a boat trip to Norfolk, Virginia (Aug. 18), his League of Nations essay (undated), and the delivery of a speech to a foresters' meeting in Ohio (Nov. 3); participants' lists from the Mechanic Arts High School Girl Scouts' (May 8) and Teachers' Federation (May 18) hikes; and an undated recipe for turtle soup.
Includes letters detailing a possible switch to adult writing (Nov. 1923), a contract with the National Education Association, writing at a cabin on Lake Minnetonka, and Christmas activities (Dec. 1923), judging a debate on the League of Nations between St. Thomas and Macalester Colleges and delivering a speech to the Minneapolis Audubon Club (March 1924), and congratulating Jean and Otto on the birth of a daughter (May 1925). There are lists of hike participants (Dec. 1923; May 1925; April 1926) and of his pupils at Fairhope Summer School (July-Aug. 1926).
Mainly notes on his summer excursion with Otto to Lake
Anigigami, Ontario, describing the lake, landscape, fishing, and campsites.
Includes records of fish caught, notes on Lange's progress in writing
Contains notes on the Mechanic Arts' girls' hike (Oct. 10,
1924); trips to Spring Lake, and Lange's summer teaching in Greenwich (1925); a
trip to West Point, Norfolk, Virginia, the Great Dismal Swamp, and the Boone
Trail in Kentucky (1925); bees (1925); and Chippewa words (undated). A letter
to Otto detailing a bee article in progress and his contract with Appleton and
Company (Oct. 26, 1925). Also contains a list of trees and woody plants found
at Spring Lake (April 2, 1928), and lists of Lange's
Consists entirely of letters, mostly to his daughter Edna and her husband, Jeffrey Gruber, in Brazil during 1928. They detail a family vacation and a canoe trip with Otto at Clearwater Lake near South Haven, Minnesota (July), drives around Big Stone Lake and to Duluth (July 30-Aug. 2), and a boat trip on Lake Superior (Aug. 3-8). One 1930 letter to Otto mentions a visit to his New York publishers.
Includes letters to Otto's family commenting on their summer vacation at Clearwater Lake (Aug. 17, 1928), and to Hulda and Otto on his summer school activities in Connecticut (July 1930). Also undated notes for an article concerning rain, storms, and farming.
Contains letters to his son-in-law, Jeffrey Gruber, describing the family's summer vacation at Trout Brook, Fairhaven, Minnesota (June 20, 1929) and to a St. Paul friend describing summer school in Connecticut (July 30, 1930). Also a letter or poem in German (Nov. 20, 1930).
Includes notes on his proposed book
Includes notes on St. Paul school life and a visit to Spring
Lake (Nov.-Dec. 1931), visits to Hastings, Spring Lake, and Nicollet (Jan.-June
1932) and a hike to Jordan (April 1933); the outline of chapters 13-25 of
Mainly letters to Hulda and Otto. They include comments on his experience as an expert testimony witness in a pollution hearing concerning Spring Lake (Aug. 27, 31); hunting at Swan Lake and canoeing at Spring Lake (Sept. 19, Oct. 14); his speeches and addresses (Oct. 24, Nov. 9); a visit to Shell Lake, Wisconsin (Oct. 12); an enclosed bibliography of the Minnesota Historical Society's holdings on Seminole Indians (Oct. 29); and a vacation at Deer River, Minnesota (May 31, 1937). Two partial letters to Hulda from Spring Lake are written in German (Dec. 4-5). Also included are undated notes on carrier pigeons and Arubu, Curacao, and the Dutch West Indies, and an undated manuscript entitled "Carrier Pigeons."
Includes notes on a visit to Spring Lake with Harry Blackmun (Sept. 1932); a Christmas visit to Otto's in Florida (Dec. 1932); his "Trip to Isle Royale, Mich." (June-July 1933) with three of his grandsons; the family's Clearwater Lake vacation (Aug.-Sept. 1933); a visit to Aurora, Illinois (Sept. 1933); activities at Mechanics Arts High School (Sept. 1933); and a hike to Hastings with Harry Blackmun (Sept. 2, 1933).
Consists mainly of letters written while on his summer excursion to Isle Royale (see Volume 32). Includes a sympathy letter to Otto's wife, Jean, upon the death of her mother and commenting on camp life (June 30); to Hulda detailing the boys' adaptation to camping (June 30-July 1); to Otto's youngest children describing camp life (July 10, 21); to Otto commenting on moose sightings (July 6), the Lake Siskiwit camp (July 17, 19-21), and his feelings about camping with youngsters (July 26-27); and references to plans for a 1934 return trip.
Includes notes and letters about his Isle Royale camping trip with his grandsons Hugh and John, and his son-in-law, Jeffrey Gruber; and notes and a list of birds from the family's Clearwater Lake vacation (Aug. 17-26).
Contains notes on Lange's "Expedition to Isle Royale 1935" (June 25-Aug. 1) with his grandsons John and Hugh, including comments on the boys' progress in camping skills and his photography; his 1936-1938 nature study trips throughout Minnesota and to areas of Wisconsin, Iowa, and South Dakota; a canoe trip on the Minnesota River with Otto and his son, Wrozzer (Aug. 10-21, 1936); the family's vacations at Clearwater Lake (Aug. 23-Sept. 3, 1936; Aug. 20-Sept. 16, 1937); and a Christmas visit to Otto's in Florida (Dec. 1937). Also included in the volume are a list of topics for "Book 2-Conservation" (March 1937), miscellaneous notes on school activities, and a list of Chicago bonds held by Lange on Oct. 5, 1936.
Includes notes on the family's 1935 Christmas visit to Otto's in Florida with comments on snow in Atlanta, visits to a Florida farm, and sightseeing; a list of bird articles written for "The Farmer" (1938); Lange's "Diary of Trip to Isle Royale" (June 27-July 29, 1938) with Hugh and Wrozzer Lange, including comments on birds, visits to a nearby CCC camp, his feelings of its being his last trip, and his work on "How to Be Happy Though Camping"; notes on the family's vacations at Clearwater Lake (Aug.-Sept. 1938, July and Aug. 1939) with comments on trips to Nicollet and Mankato and the celebration of their fiftieth wedding anniversary (1938); 1938-1939 nature study trips in Minnesota; lists of supplies for the Isle Royale trip (1938); and a study note on Como Park's orioles (May 12, 1938).
Includes undated notes on trapper language, Oregon's history,
the trail's history, plants along the trail, Shawnee words, the "Sioux
Campaign" of 1873-1876, trapper idioms, and Indian sign language; a chapter
outline for a future book,
Mainly typed copies of Lange's nature notes, general comments, and letters written during his summer excursions into the wilderness of northern Minnesota and neighboring areas. They also contain some entries and letters from his St. Paul home and while on family vacations. Those that duplicate his original longhand versions found in the collection's volumes are noted in the following annotated folder list.
Lange kept very detailed descriptive notes of the wildlife and plant life he encountered on his excursions and in his daily life. The annotations highlight only unique situations or species.
Topography of St. Paul's Lake Phalen (Aug. 14); a trip to Grand Marais, Minnesota and hike along the Gunflint Trail (Aug. 18-21) with comments on his feeling of solitude and isolation; and scattered descriptions of nature hikes at Lake Phalen, Como Park, and near Fort Snelling (Sept. 20-Oct. 29).
Contains two copies of "Notes on Canoe Trip on Lake of the Woods," taken with Joe Burgeois of Baudette, Minnesota, from August 13 through 25. Includes comments on the lake, canoeing, the weather, a visit to an Indian village, photography, camp life, fishing and hunting, wild food plants, visits with a lighthouse keeper and his family, with workers at the fisheries on Minnesota Point, and to the deserted "Rainy River Trading Post," and his train journey home, with details on passing immigrant trains and a tour of the Oliver, Minnesota open pit iron ore mine. Also contains a list of supplies purchased by Burgeois (Aug. 12).
Includes a series of entries labeled "Nature Calendar, St. Paul, Minn., 1914-1915," with comments on birds observed in Como Park (Aug. 31) and trips to Prior Lake (Sept. 21) and Cannon Falls (Oct. 4); details of ice skating and fishing on White Bear Lake; a description of a duck hunting trip to Swan Lake, Nicollet County (Oct. 11-18); and scattered thoughts on marriage and World War I.
Includes "Spring 1915" notes on the first robin sighted, a hike to Spring Lake, and a stay at White Bear Lake; details of his "Trip to the Black Hills and Badlands, South Dakota, July 1915" (also Volume 8) with comments on his train ride, stops in Pierre, Rapid City, and Scenic, camping in the School of Mines Canyon, visits to Mystic, Custer, and Harney Peak, thoughts on his youth and his belief in evolution, and work on a proposed book; and notes on trips to the Minnesota River (Oct. 9), Marine on St. Croix (Oct 10), and Fort Snelling (Nov. 6).
Consists of two copies of Lange's "Journal of North Lake, Minn., June-Aug. 1917" (also Volume 9). Entries detail Hulda's and his stay on North Lake, Cook County, Minnesota, his nature study work, canoeing, photography, visits with forestry patrolmen, his writing, and a boat trip from Port Arthur (now Thunder Bay), Canada to Duluth (Aug. 10-18).
Includes his handwritten manuscript "DeSoto Lake Cabin", detailing his stay at Itasca State Park, with descriptions of the cabin, snapping turtle as food (June 27), a visit to Brower Island (July 15), short trips throughout the park, a list of thirty-six birds observed near the cabin, and a trip to the Radisson Lake heronry (July 30-Aug. 7).
Notes and letters from camps on the Bowstring and Big Fork rivers and a cabin on Dora Lake, Itasca County, in 1919. They detail Lange's trip to the cabin, his cabinmates Stafford King and Fred Freitag (June 26-29), a July 4th celebration at Inger on Red Lake, visits to Hulda and Edna, vacationing near Grand Rapids, with comments on the 1918 Cloquet forest fire damage (July 11-15), a trip to Mille Lacs Lake (July 18), and a canoe trip on the Big Fork River (Aug. 19-Sept. 2). A partial set of notes, pages 11-16, covers a trip to Spring Lake (April 2-12, 1920).
Includes comments on trips to Spring Lake (March-May 1921, May 1928) and White Bear Lake (May 1, 1921); letters to Otto describing Lange's upcoming trip to Itasca to photograph and study beavers (April 1921), congratulating Otto on his future move to West Point (July 1921), and detailing land near Gordon, Wisconsin (May 1921); and notes about Fairhope Summer School hikes (Aug. 1922). The original for 1921 is Volume 13.
Notes on Boone's Wilderness Road in Kentucky and the journals of
Dr. Thomas Walker of Kentucky; the Great Lakes and Canadian history; Alfred
Sully's 1863-1865 campaigns against the Dakota Indians, "soldiering in Dakota,"
and the 1862 captivity of Sam J. Brown by the Dakota, all for
Contains Lange's Mankato Normal School recollections (undated), an 1897 article on common school nature study, and notes, addresses, and essays detailing Lange's views on education and the public school system (undated and 1913-1914).
Includes an incomplete and undated report on Itasca State Park, a paper concerning Minnesota's forests and the tourist business (1917), and his report to W. I. Cox, state forester, detailing his 1919 study of the condition of Minnesota's standing forests.
Articles by Lange on such topics as plant mysteries, birds, snakes, winter wildlife, ducks, conservation regulations, animal mistakes and accidents, trees, Itasca's beavers and forests, black bears, rabbits, and squirrels. There are also a number of articles about Lange and his role in the passage of wild game laws (1913), the proposed teaching of trades at the grade school level (1914), and as Mechanic Arts High School principal (1923). Due to their deteriorating condition, the clippings were photocopied in March 1984 and the originals discarded.
Mostly copies of articles published in Lange's
Includes numerous newspaper and magazine articles written by Lange on various nature and education topics and about Lange as an author, lecturer, and educator. There are many detailing his activities as a teacher and principal in the St. Paul school system and as a member of the St. Paul Teachers' Federation. Also contains Lange's calling card (undated) and the Humboldt High School commencement and alumni banquet programs (1907) and courses of study (1911).
This section contains the original holograph and/or typed manuscripts for seventeen of Lange's books and extended articles. The dates following the titles are those supplied by the author on the original manuscripts. If the publication date differs, it has been supplied by the cataloger.
Typed, with author's notations.
Entire typed manuscript; partial holograph version.
Typed. Published in 1912.
Entire typed manuscript; partial holograph version.
Typed.
Typed.
Typed.
Holograph.
Holograph. Published as
Holograph.
Holograph.
Collection of short articles; typed and/or holograph versions. Most are individually dated 1922 or 1923.
Holograph.
Holograph. Published in 1930.
Typed.
Typed and hologrpah.
Entire typed manuscript; partial holograph version.
Proofs for Lange's book
Lange's column on nature and wildlife published in
Holograph and/or typed versions of Lange's numerous short manuscripts, arranged alphabetically by subject and then chronologically within each subject. The manuscripts appear to be magazine and newspaper articles and possibly some unlabeled chapters from his books.
Manuscripts detailing a wide variety of animals and their habits.
Centers mainly on Lange's Itasca State Park beaver studies.
Birds' hunting techniques, the photographing of birds, bird watching, bird weapons, bird houses and nests, vanishing species, migrations, bird habits and lifestyles, and a large number of individual species.
Camping rules and etiquette, camp stoves and tents, various types of cabins, and fire building.
Canoeing on Lake of the Woods and the Minnesota River, and the difficulties of hiking with a canoe.
Comments on the need for immediate conservation programs.
Includes a description of his attempts at weekend farming.
Describes the precautions to be taken with brush and grass fires.
Includes manuscripts about Indian-style fishing, winter fishing, trout planting, and various individual fish species.
Manuscripts detailing various plains and wild flowers, urging the conservation of wild flowers, and describing such individual species as water lilies, orchids, gentians, and roses.
Comments on hiking's physical and psychological benefits.
Manuscripts on Alexander Henry, a 1760s fur trader, and the German leader, Otto von Bismarck.
Various aspects of celebrating Christmas and Lincoln's Birthday.
Hunting with a camera.
Manuscripts describing the life of John Tanner, an eleven-year-old white boy from Kentucky captured by Huron Indians during the Revolutionary War; camping along an old Indian fur trail; early Florida Indians; and an Indian orchard on the Big Fork River in northern Minnesota.
Insect life in the winter, insect sleep habits, insect eggs, and a wide variety of individual species.
Manuscripts detailing camping and exploring on this Lake Superior island, particularly moose sightings, wild flowers, camps on Lake Siskiwit, and the island's national park status, and an address on the park's beauty.
Details a mid-winter vacation in the park, its state park status, and its description in general.
Includes manuscripts describing the Minnesota River, Lake Minnetonka's Crane Island, Minnehaha Falls, Lake Phalen's Trestle Island, Clearwater Lake in Stearns County, Spring Lake near Hastings, Stone Island in the Minnesota River near Fort Snelling, Pipestone, Christmas Lake's maple sugaring, and the northwoods in winter.
Comments on how nature prepares for winter and how things grow.
Arranged alphabetically by state. Contains manuscripts describing Greenwich, Connecticut's trees, birds, and flowers; Florida's winters; Fort Union; Indiana's Wyandotte Cave; the Mississippi River; Niagara, New York; South Dakota's Mystic Mountains and Old Fort Pierre; and Wyoming's Fort Phil Kearney. Also a manuscript by Otto describing the family's 1894 trip to California, written when he was twelve years old.
Comments on sights and sounds of the northwoods.
The plant world's mysteries, winter plant life, edible wild plants, and such species as fungi, mushrooms, toadstools, wild hemp, watercress, sagittaria, wild rice, and corn.
Comments on various aspects of the virgin prairie.
Describes the sights of the seacoast and the actions of the sand crab.
Includes manuscripts detailing the various seasons, winter aquatic life and wildlife, weather superstitions, hail, dust storms, lightning, rain, snowstorms, and drought.
Comments on the war against sickness as the "conservation of human life."
Manuscripts on numerous species, snakes at Pine Bend in Dakota County, and people's feelings towards snakes.
The wild woods of St. Paul's Como Park, trees' fights against weather and insects, types of barks and woods, the trees of Minnesota's northwoods, lumbering, windbreaks, Christmas trees, and a number of individual species.
Water as the "carrier of life," springs, ice, artesian wells, and water sports safety.
Longhand and/or typed versions of
131-page longhand (ink and pencil) manuscript detailing exploration of caves in Kentucky and Indiana.
Lists the bird's name, date first seen, date became abundant, nesting, young, fall migration and flocking, date last seen, and remarks for 61 birds.
List of participants on a September 23rd hike to Mendota. Also contains a note on grade school teachers' salaries (March 8, 1907).
Includes notes taken as principal (Dec. 12-18, 1916), English conference notes (undated), algebra teachers' meeting notes (Dec. 4, 1918), an undated list of suspensions, English teachers' meeting notes (April 14, 1920), and a list of Fairhope Summer School participants (July 6-7, 1921).
Includes all or part of Beltrami, Hubbard, Becker, Wadena, Otter Tail, Todd, Clearwater, and Morrison counties and all of Itasca State Park.
Isle Royale, Michigan, with Lange's notations of his routes and camps.
Survey of the Mississippi River made under the direction of the Mississippi River Commission, Lake Itasca Basin, Minnesota, within Itasca State Park.
Music for "Minnesota", words by D. Lange, music by E. N. Bonnell, published by Lange and Bonnell, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Geological map of Isle Royale, Lake Superior, Michigan (1897), with contours added in 1908.
Isle Royale, Keweenaw County, Michigan, Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, State of Michigan, Department of Conservation (Sheet 1).
Isle Royale, Keweenaw County, Michigan, Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, State of Michigan, Department of Conservation (Sheet 2).