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Click to enlarge Title: Letter from J. A. A. Burnquist to Walter F. White, August 12, 1920. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: August 12, 1920
Place: Minnesota
Governor. Burnquist, J. A. A. Records. Subject Files (File 648c)
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Letter_from_J_A_A_Burnquist_to_Walter_F_White_August_12_1920-59.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Carl John Alfred Hammerberg to Charles E. Vasaly, February 14, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: February 14, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_February_14_1921-271.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from C. G. Durgin to Charles E. Vasaly, March 3, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 31, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_C_G_Durgin_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_3_1921-272.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from N. A. Talafous to Minnesota State Reformatory for Men, March 21, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 21, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_N_A_Talafous_to_Minnesota_State_Reformatory_for_Men_March_21_1921-276.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from N. A. Talafous to Charles E. Vasaly, March 21, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 21, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_N_A_Talafous_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_21_1921-277.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Charles E. Vasaly to N. A. Talafous, March 23, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 23, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Charles_E_Vasaly_to_N_A_Talafous_March_23_1921-278.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Betsy Hammerberg and Vanda Isaacson to Charles E. Vasaly, March 21, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 21, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Betsy_Hammerberg_and_Vanda_Isaacson_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_21_1921-279.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from A. E. Smedberg to Charles E. Vasaly, March 23, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 21, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_A_E_Smedberg_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_23_1921-280.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Clyde Heimbaugh to Charles E. Vasaly, March 21, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 21, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Clyde_Heimbaugh_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_21_1921-281.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from O. J. Larson to Charles E. Vasaly, March 25, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 25, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_O_J_Larson_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_25_1921-282.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from John A. Forsman to Charles E. Vasaly, March 25, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 25, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_John_A_Forsman_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_25_1921-283.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from R. H. Bulloch to Charles E. Vasaly, March 28, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 28, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_R_H_Bulloch_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_28_1921-284.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Alfred G. Peterson to Charles E. Vasaly, March 28, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 28, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Alfred_G_Peterson_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_March_28_1921-285.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from C. J. Johnson to Charles E. Vasaly, April 16, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: April 16, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_C_J_Johnson_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_April_16_1921-287.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Carl John Alfred Hammerberg to Charles E. Vasaly, August 30, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: August 30, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_August_30_1921-288.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Frederic C. Hanson to State Board of Parole, November 15, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: November 15, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Frederic_C_Hanson_to_State_Board_of_Parole_November_15_1921-294.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Frederic C. Hanson to Charles E. Vasaly, November 23, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: November 23, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Frederic_C_Hanson_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_November_23_1921-295.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Charles E. Vasaly to Frederic C. Hanson, November 26, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: November 26, 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Charles_E_Vasaly_to_Frederic_C_Hanson_November_26_1921-296.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Vanda Isaacson to Carl John Alfred Hammerberg, 1921. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: 1921
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Vanda_Isaacson_to_Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_1921-297.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Carl John Alfred Hammerberg to Charles E. Vasaly, February 17, 1922. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: February 17, 1922
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_February_17_1922-298.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Carl John Alfred Hammerberg to Charles E. Vasaly, January 2, 1923. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: January 2, 1923
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_January_2_1923-350.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Ralph E. Burdick to Charles E. Vasaly, February 23, 1923. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: February 23, 1923
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Ralph_E_Burdick_to_Charles_E_Vasaly_February_23_1923-355.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Charles E. Vasaly to Ralph E. Burdick, March 3, 1923. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 3, 1923
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Charles_E_Vasaly_to_Ralph_E_Burdick_March_3_1923-356.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from H. B. Whittier to C. J. Swendsen, April 20, 1923. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: April 20, 1923
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_H_B_Whittier_to_C_J_Swendsen_April_20_1923-359.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from H. B. Whittier to C. J. Swendsen, June 18, 1923. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: June 18, 1923
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_H_B_Whittier_to_C_J_Swendsen_June_18_1923-365.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from D. H. Knickerbacker to Carl John Alfred Hammerberg, July 7, 1923. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: July 7, 1923
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_D_H_Knickerbacker_to_Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_July_7_1923-370.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from D. H. Knickerbacker to Harry A. Hutter, July 7, 1923. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: July 7, 1923
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_D_H_Knickerbacker_to_Harry_A_Hutter_July_7_1923-371.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from F. E. Resche to D. H. Knickerbacker, January 17, 1924. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: January 17, 1924
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_F_E_Resche_to_D_H_Knickerbacker_January_17_1924-372.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from D. H. Knickerbacker to R. E. Resche, January 21, 1924. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: January 21, 1924
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_D_H_Knickerbacker_to_R_E_Resche_January_21_1924-373.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Charles E. Vasaly to C. G. Durgin, January 23, 1924. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: January 23, 1924
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Charles_E_Vasaly_to_C_G_Durgin_January_23_1924-375.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Patricia Harpole to Jerome V. Lahr, October 20, 1971. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: October 20, 1971
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Patricia_Harpole_to_Jerome_V_Lahr_October_20_1971-377.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from W. F. McRae to Darrel Nicholson, October 22, 1971. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: October 22, 1971
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_W_F_McRae_to_Darrel_Nicholson_October_22_1971-378.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Darrel Nicholson to Jerome V. Lahr, November 9, 1971. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: November 9, 1971
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Darrel_Nicholson_to_Jerome_V_Lahr_November_9_1971-379.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from Carl E. Hammerberg to St. Cloud Reformatory, May 21, 1976. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: May 21, 1976
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_Carl_E_Hammerberg_to_St_Cloud_Reformatory_May_21_1976-381.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Carl John Alfred Hammerberg. Case No. 5148. Letter from W. F. McRae to Carl E. Hammerberg, June 3, 1976. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: June 3, 1976
Place: St. Cloud, Minnesota
St. Cloud Reformatory. Inmate Case Files
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Carl_John_Alfred_Hammerberg_Case_No_5148_Letter_from_W_F_McRae_to_Carl_E_Hammerberg_June_3_1976-383.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Mob Hangs 3 in Duluth. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: June 17, 1920
Place: Duluth, Minnesota
Chicago Daily Tribune, June 16, 1920, page 1
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Mob_Hangs_3_in_Duluth-116.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Duluth Mob Lynches Three Negroes, Frees Three; 5,000 Stormed Jail After Attack on White Girl. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: June 16, 1920
Place: Duluth, Minnesota
New York Times, June 16, 1920, page 1
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Duluth_Mob_Lynches_Three_Negroes_Frees_Three_5000_Stormed_Jail_After_Attack_on_White_Girl-118.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: House File No. 785. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: 1921
Place: Minnesota
Session Laws of the State of Minnesota.Chapter 401, page 612
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/House_File_No_785-774.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Races Dependent Upon Each Other, Says Dr. Du Bois. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: March 22, 1921
Place: Duluth, Minnesota
Duluth Herald, March 22, 1921, page 11
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Races_Dependent_Upon_Each_Other_Says_Dr_Du_Bois-776.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Dedicating Headstones. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: October 26, 1991
Place: Duluth, Minnesota
Duluth News Tribune, October 26, 1991, Section B, page 1 and 6. Reprinted by permission of the Duluth News Tribune
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Dedicating_Headstones-777.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Murnian Declared Unfit For His Job. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: June 13, 1920
Place: Duluth, Minnesota
Duluth Herald, June 13, 1920, page 1 and 6
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Murnian_Declared_Unfit_For_His_Job-779.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Reverend William M. Majors. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: July 3, 1920
Place: Minnesota
National Advocate, July 3, 1920, page 1
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Reverend_William_M_Majors-822.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Reverend William Powers. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: July 3, 1920
Place: Minnesota
National Advocate, July 3, 1920, page 1
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Reverend_William_Powers-823.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Tragedy of a Colored Man. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: July 24, 1920
Place: Minnesota
National Advocate, July 24, 1920, page 1
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Tragedy_of_a_Colored_Man-824.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Rev. W.J. Powers Denounces Lynchers. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: June 24, 1920
Place: Minnesota
National Advocate, June 24, 1920, page 1
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/Rev_WJ_Powers_Denounces_Lynchers-848.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: St. Paul Honors Mrs. W.T. Francis. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: May 7, 1921
Place: St. Paul, Minnesota
The Appeal, May 7, 1921, page 3
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/St_Paul_Honors_Mrs_WT_Francis-825.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Anti-Lynching Mass Meeting. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: April 23, 1921
Place: Minnesota
The Appeal, April 23, 1921, page 3
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/AntiLynching_Mass_Meeting-826.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: The Appeal. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: June 26, 1920
Place: Minnesota
The Appeal, June 26, 1920, page 4
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/The_Appeal-852.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: Anti-Lynching Bill Passed. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: May 7, 1921
Place: Minneapolis, Minnesota
Minneapolis Messenger, May 7, 1921, page 1
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/AntiLynching_Bill_Passed-830.001.php
Click to enlarge Title: May Lose Duluth Rape Case. Duluth Lynchings | Text
Date: October 22, 1921
Place: Minneapolis, Minnesota
Minneapolis Messenger, October 22, 1921, page 4
http://www.mnhs.org/duluthlynchings/documents/May_Lose_Duluth_Rape_Case-841.001.php

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Gale Family Library

Duluth Lynchings

Background and historical documents relating to the tragic events of June 15, 1920

Documents

Minnesota Historical Society

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Connect with MNHS