Using your iPhone/iPad to Record Oral History

First let me admit this is not the last word on using an iPhone to record oral histories, it is just an attempt to get the dialog going, secondly you may notice the obvious omission of other mobile devices such as Android for use in recording. Omission does not mean that they shouldn't be used, they may be perfectly acceptable however the one nice thing about iPhone and iPad is that both the hardware and operating system are made by one manufacture making comparisons and quality control simpler.  I encourage others to post results they may have had using other mobile devices for oral history interviews. Lastly much of the content was excerpted from the testing and excellent work of Jeff Geerling. Check out his site if you are interested in even more in-depth information.

What a difference a couple of years can make in technology. Prices go down, megapixels and device and app quality go up.  While an iPhone/iPad might not offer all the quality control that an expensive camera or recording device can do for a large organization like the Smithsonian especially when they might be looking at reuse of the interview in a national exhibit, for a smaller museum/organization not only is using an iPhone/iPad acceptable but probably better than many of the magnetic video and audio recording devices that they were using in the past.

Key points to remember:

• When recording, turning off Wi-fi may help to prevent background noise/feedback.


• Turn on Airplane mode on your iPhone to prevent calls during a recording session.


• Battery Life - make sure to fully charge your device or that it is plugged into a power source.


• Storage - if you are going to be using your iPhone or iPad for recording video oral histories you never can have enough storage. Think about getting at least 32GB.


• An iPod Touch can be used for recording audio but should not be used for video as the lens quality records at less than 1 megapixel.


• I recommend using iPhone 4 and iPad 2 and above.


• These are meant as suggestions not set in stone guidelines.


• Having proper lighting and a recording environment still are important.


• Technical specs for iPad and iPhone

AUDIO RECORDING APP

For a recording app you might want to look at FiRe 2 from Audiofile Engineering.

The basic interface is fairly simple to use but it does have advanced features you can tap into like a variety of metadata standards, format conversion, and time markers and uploading to Dropbox or your own FTP server.

VIDEO RECORDING APP

You can just use the Built-in camera that comes with the iPhone/iPad/iPod it handles different audio inputs, but without much configuration or level control, and no monitoring.

For a more fully featured camera app check out FiLMiC Pro, unfortunately it also has no audio controls.

MICROPHONES

While an iPad, iPhone, iPod is great to record on, their built in mics are not good for recording high quality audio. The biggest thing you are going to need is a good mic. There are many many different kinds of mics out their here are some suggestions:
•RadioShack 33-3013 Electret Condenser Lavaliere Microphone
•Crown Sound-Grabber-II Conference Microphone
•Audio Technica PRO88W-R35 Wireless Lavalier System
•Sony WCS-999 Wireless Microphone System
•Rode VideoMic Shotgun Microphone
•There are many others...

However, for all these mics you will need an Audio Input Adapter for your iPad/iPhone/iPhone - See the next section.

AUDIO INPUT ADAPTER

With an iPhone you will need an audio input adapter for most mics.

• iPhone to 1/8" Mic-level adapter: for self-powered microphones


• iPhone to 1/4" TRS Mic-level adapter with headphone jack: you can plug in a head set so you can hear what you are recording


• iPhone to 1/8" Line-level adapter: for plugging the iPhone into a computer, a tape player, a CD player, or to use your iPhone to record tapes to digital audio.


• iPhone to XLR Mic-level adapter: for self-powered XLR mics

RECORDING AUDIO WITH TWO MICROPHONES - IPOD/IPHONE

You can use a simple option and get a Monster iSplitter and plug a lavaliere microphone into each side. (Don't forget to use an audio input adapter with it)

GuitarJack Model 2, into which you can plug a stereo input source (or two microphones that go one in left, one in right channel). You can also use 1/4 inch Input without an adapter.

RECORDING AUDIO WITH TWO MICROPHONES - IPAD

With an iPad in addition to recording with the headphone jack, you can also record with the iPad's Dock Connector to record two tracks (stereo) with one mic to the interviewer and one mic to the interviewee.

You'll need to have the USB adapter from the iPad Camera Connection Kit

And then, you'll need one of the following USB interfaces to translate analog inputs to the USB connection:

• Griffin iMic


• Zoom H2

And finally you will need one of the following apps to support multi-channel recording and mixing

• MultiTrack DAW


• BlueFire

OTHER OPTIONS

• For out-of-the-box options for recording sound, here is one high-end and somewhat expensive solution: iM2
  (this does come with it own free app you can download from iTunes)


• ...and one amazingly cheap and surprisingly useful solution: Flexible-mini-capsule-microphone

TRIPODS, MOUNTS AND CAMERA STABILIZERS

Tripod Mount

Tripods

Almost any camera tripod should work with the above mounts, however, I do have one recommendation that I have found compact and useful especially the tripod because of the magnetic feet which allows you to mount it on most metal surfaces.

• Gorillamobile for iPhone 4/4S

iPhone Camera Stabilizer

While this might be a terrible solution for using oral histories it is great if you are recording while you are walking on a tour. One big drawback - there is no mount for a mic and I have found it quite impossible to balance the camera with a mic attached.

• Steadicam Smoothee for iPhone 4