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Tshuaj Ntsuab (Plant Medicine): A Compendium of Hmong Medicinal Plants

Zongxee Lee, Natalie Hoidal, and Alex Crum

Photography by Lindsey Miller

Medicinal herbs have played important roles for the Hmong people throughout history, but information about these plants traditionally has been passed down orally, with little written documentation. As a result, much of the practical knowledge about how to grow and use these herbs is endangered. Tshuaj Ntsuab helps preserve this legacy through the story of an herbalist family who fled Laos and built a new home and community in Minnesota following the Vietnam War. It is also a recipe book and a botanical compendium of forty-four important medicinal herbs. In Hmong, these herbs are commonly called Tshuaj Hmoob (Hmong medicines) or Tshuaj ntsuab (plant medicines).

Links on this page provide pronunciation guidance in Hmong from May Lee, author Zongxee’s mother, whose wisdom as a niam tshuaj, a plant-based healer and keeper of herbal plants, is gathered and shared in this book. Pronunciation guidance using the International Phonetic Alphabet has been provided by Chia Lor.

Tshuaj Ntsuab (Plant Medicine): A Compendium of Hmong Medicinal Plants.
Hmong Translation Audio
tshuaj ntsuab plant medicines
Tshuaj Hmoob Hmong medicines
kuab muaj tsuas valuable or precious plants from the hills
niam tshuaj plant-based healer and keeper of herbal plants
txiv neeb shaman
lev woven plastic rug
nyob nruab hlis month of restrictions and confinements
tshuaj rau qaib herbs added to chicken soup
hu plig soul-calling ceremony
fij dab pog soul-calling ceremony
Hmab ntsha ntsuab Green vein vines
Hmab ntsha liab Red vein vines
Hmab tsib nti Five-finger vine
Kab raus liab Red lining
Ko taw os dawb White duck feet
Ko taw os liab Red duck feet
Kob lij xeeb Field of jewels
Kua txob liab Red pepper medicine
Kua txob ntsuab Green pepper medicine
Kuab nplais dib Melon flesh
Kuab nplais taub Pumpkin flesh
Kub muas lwj Deer antlers
Moj tsuas Hmong celery
Ncas liab Red fiddle
Nkaj liab Red dye / chicken gizzard
Nplooj qhwv yeeb Leaf to wrap opium
Nplooj tuaj kaus Growing from the leaf
Ntiv Flick plant; sweet fern
Ntiv dub Black flick
Pawj ia Swamp pad
Pawj qaib Chicken butt
Pos qws Thorny shell
Qhaus rau qaib Chicken lily
Qhiav daj Yellow Hmong turmeric
Quab quav yeeb Sour medicine
Raw loj Large following plant
Raws Following trail
Sab txhim hmab Wavy vine
Sam mos kab Side lines sedum
Siv toj Hill plant
Suv ntsim Hmong shrub
Suv ntsim iab Wild Hmong shrub
Suv ntsim soob Smaller Hmong shrub
Tauj dub Patches of black grass
Tseej ntug Side crawling
Tshab xyoob Hmong fern
Tshais qav Frog leaf
Tshuaj rog ntsuab Fat green medicine
Tshuaj rog ntsuab soob Smaller fat green medicine
Tshuaj rog liab Fat red medicine
Zaj xaws Dragon sewing
Vas khoos Gathering the goodness
Zab zi ntug Red bulb
Zab zi ntug liab Red bulb
Zej ntshua ntuag Rough-edge leaf